Mcgregors theory of x and y pdf file

This is not an example of the work produced by our essay writing service. The idea behind using letters x and y, perhaps seems to be using a neutral terminology, which does not convey any sense of badness or goodness associated with these theories. Mcgregors beliefs if there is anything he was trying to overcome or destroy, it was the institutional habit of talking about the virtues of democracy. The theory x and theory y are the theories of motivation given by douglas mcgregor in 1960s. Pdf application of mcgregors theory x and theory y. To start off with, heres a brief definition of mcgregors theory x and theory y. Social psychologist mcgregors theoryx and theoryyof mit expounded two contrasting theories on human motivation and management in the 1960s. Theory x percieves employees to be lazy, irresponsible and untrustworthy, while according to theory y employees are approached as one of the most valuable assets of the company. A,b,c x,y,z mcgregors profile bachelors from wayne state university district manager of retail gas company worked with transient laborers masters and phd from harvard psychologist at mit president at antioch. Theory x, theory y, and theory z introduction to business. Mcgregor s ideas suggest that there are two fundamental approaches to managing people. In actual practice, most managers today practice a combination of theory x and theory y styles of management. Critically evaluate mcgregors theroy x and theory y. That history will explain why theory ys view of human nature is incomplete.

I would like to apply the same theories in education describing. Mcgregors theoryx and theoryy what is human resource. In contrast to the principles of conventional management mentioned as theory x, the advocated theory y illuminated a cluster of new or redefined concepts such as selffulfilling prophecy and responsibility. Develop the best approach to bring out the best in your people. He referred to these opposing motivational methods as theory x and. Read this article to learn about mcgregors theory of x and theory y. Xteacher and theory yteacher aboluays anas musings. Managers generally have one of two perspectives regarding their employees. Theory x and y created by mcgregor has been a valid basic principle from which to develop positive management style and techniques. Dogan unlucan mcgregor theories x and theory y student.

In his 1960 book, the human side of enterprise, mcgregor proposed two theories by which managers perceive and address. Pdf theory x and theory y published in the sage encyclopedia. The human dislikes responsibilities, prefers to be directed, remains unambiguous. Theory x and theory y behavior scale kopelman, prottas, and falk, 2008. This theory divides workers and managers in the organization in two typical groups according to how managers lead their subordinates and respectively how subordinates behave. The idea that a managers attitude has an impact on employee motivation was originally proposed by douglas mcgregor. In the 1960s, douglas murray mcgregor, a famous mit professor of management wrote a book named the human side of enterprise in which he analyzed the various behaviors of professionals at work. Douglas mcgregors theory x and theory y of motivation. It is important to understand the two terms, internal motivation and external motivation is made up of the forces which exist within an individual, i. Mcgregors xy theory is a natural rule for managing people.

Douglas mcgregor, an american social psychologist, proposed his famous theory x and y in his book the human side of enterprise in 1960. Theory x and theory y of motivation theory x and theory y of motivation by mcgregor s. Theory x and theory y was an idea devised by douglas mcgregor see article in his 1960 book the human side of enterprise. Mcgregors famous distinction between theory x and theory y. Mcgregor developed a philosophical view of humankind with his theory x and theory y in 1960.

View homework help douglas mcgregors theory x and theory y. However, he found that an organisation driven solely by theory y could not succeed, as some sense of direction and structure was required. These two assumptions became known as mcgregors theory x and theory y. This refers to an authoritarian management style, where reward and punishment is seen as the best way to motivate employees to meet objectives. Theory y is based on a faulty conception of human nature. How attitudes and assumptions about people and behaviour affect our management style. Mcgregor argued that these assumptions fall into two broad categories theory x and theory y. Douglas mcgregor is the one who constructed theory x and y in the 1960s. You can view samples of our professional work here.

X and consider using the techniques suggested by theory y. Douglas mcgregor 1906 1964 was a lecturer at harvard university and became the first sloan fellows professor at mit his theory x and theory y was detailed in the human side of enterprise, published in 1960. Xy theory questionnaire score the statements 5 always, 4 mostly, 3 often, 2 occasionally, 1 rarely, 0 never to indicate whether the situation and management style is x or y. Advanced management theories edb 661 by nsot omini nsot reg no. Pdf leadership style and organizational performance have been researched extensively. Theory x and theory y are still referred to commonly in the field of management and motivation, and whilst more recent studies have questioned the rigidity of the model. The work of douglas mcgregor, 2 application of the theory the thoroughly dramatic plot by members of hitlers staff to exterminate their leader is painstakingly spelled out in this film. Mcgregor theory x and y pdf the xy theory diagram and measurement tool below pdf and doc versions are adaptations of mcgregors ideas for modern organizations, management and. Theory x management style generally get poor results compare with managers use theory y, which produces better performance and results, and allows people to grow and develop. Theory x and theory y framework proposed by mcgregor in his classic book the human side of enterprise 1960 consists of two alternative set of assumptions.

In 1960, douglas mcgregor formulated theory x and theory y suggesting two aspects of human behaviour at work, or in other words, two different views of individuals employees. On the other extreme, theory y is diametrically opposite to theory x which shows the modern and dynamic approach to individuals and relies on the assumptions that are practical in nature. Today, above assumptions are applied across the most of the organizations and in. In his 1960 management book, the human side of enterprise, douglas mcgregor made his mark on the history of organizational management and motivational psychology when he proposed the two theories by which managers perceive employee motivation. The relationship between mcgregors xy theory management. Application of theory x and y in classroom management by. The three prior studies that have made this distinction were recently conducted solely to develop constructvalid measures of both. The idea that a managers attitude has an impact on employee motivation was originally proposed by douglas mcgregor, a management professor at the massachusetts institute of technology during the 1950s and 1960s. Does your attitude to people affect how you lead and motivate. Theory x and theory y of motivation explain with examples.

Theory x and theory y, introduced in the book and are known for management and human motivation. Theory x and theory y type leadership behavior and its. Introduction theory x and y was developed by douglas mcgregor, a social psychologist in 1960. Get an answer for what is the difference between mcgregors theory x and theory y and maslows hierarchy of needs. The climate in a theory x organisation tends to be impersonal and the theory suggests carrot and stick approach to motivation. Kopelman professor of management baruch college david j. Two of the surveys had to be eliminated due to missing.

Douglas mcgregor has developed two sets of assumptions about human behaviour. Motivation, theory x and y, classroom, management manager and organisation introduction douglas mcgregor, an american social psychologist, proposed his famous theory x and y in his book the human side of enterprise in 1960. The x y theory questionnaire page 1 of 2 indicates whether the situation and management style is the x or y style. First, there has been a failure to distinguish between theory xy attitudes and theory xy behaviors.

Leaders know best, and should closely direct actions taken by staff, with little room for independence and. Based entirely on fact, the film utilizes stock footage and features eyewitnesses who serve to recreate the startling event. Generation y in relation to mcgregors theory of x and y. Davis colonel tooele army depot douglas mcgregors landmark book, the human side of enterprise 1960, changed the path of management. The idea behind using letters x and y, perhaps seems to be using a. In this essay both of mcgregors theories on management, theory x and theory y, will have their evolution explained with the differences. Theory x management style generally get poor results compare with managers use theory y, which produces better performance and results, and allows people to. Douglas mcgregor in his book, the human side of enterprise published in 1960 has examined theories on. Mcgregors theory x and y individuals should be threatened and controlled strictly with the aim to keep them work hard. Fortythree years ago, douglas mcgregors the human side of enterprise offered managers a new assumption of management theory y, which would be.

Pdf douglas mcgregors landmark book, the human side of enterprise, changed the path of management thinking and practice by. Difference between theory x and theory y with comparison. Pdf theory x and theory y type leadership behavior and its. Theory into practice abraham maslow viewed mcgregor as a mentor. As the classical theory of human behavior, theory x presents employees. In the 1960s, douglas mcgregor from mit came up with the theoryx and theoryy to describe styles of managers. According to mcgregor, the perception of managers on the nature of individuals. The present study explored the possibility that mcgregors 1960 theory xy assumptions serve as cognitive determinants of superior communicator style, a multidimensional set of. Either theory x or theory y assumptions may be appropriate in a particular situation. Many theorists support that mcgregors theory considers the field of management from a new angle, indicating a strong influential value. This entry first describes ising strategies for improved transfer in todays mcgregors theory x and theory y. Prottas assistant professor of management adelphi university anne l. Mcgregors theory x and theory y are theories about human behavior and motivation in the organization that was published in 1960 by douglas mcgregor. Theory y put forward the idea that management by objectives and involving workers in the decisionmaking process would lead to the creation of a satisfied and more productive workforce.

There are two highly plausible reasons why prior research has not empirically supported mcgregors 1960 theory x and theory y or, for brevity, theory xy with regard to job performance. In this article, we are going to talk about the major differences between theory x and theory y. Theory x and theory y are theories of human work motivation and management. Features of mcgregors theory x and theory y of motivation. Theoryx and theoryy management applicationbusiness implications for workforce motivation. These theories are based on the premise that management has to assemble all the factors of production, including human beings, to get the work done. What is the difference between mcgregors theory x and. Mcgregor promoted theory y as the basis of good management practice, pioneering the argument that workers are not merely cogs in the company machinery, as theory xtype organizations. They were created by douglas mcgregor while he was working at the mit.

They were created by douglas mcgregor while he was working at the mit sloan school of management in the 1950s, and developed further in the 1960s. Mcgregor theory x and y pdf mcgregor theory x and y pdf download. There is no evidence to confirm that either set of assumptions is valid. He was a strong supporter of theories x and y, and he put theory y that people want to work, achieve and take responsibility into practice in a californian electronics factory. Ed2016012 faculty of education department of vocational education business education unit university of calabar, calabar submitted to ven. My boss asks me politely to do things, gives me reasons why, and invites my suggestions.

It became very popular in the field of hr and it was a model that helped shift management from the negative paradigm to a positive spin. Copy of mcgregors x and y theory by cori tompkic on prezi. Many years ago a professor named mcgregor dubbed these perspectives theory x and theory y. Mcgregors theory x and theory y theory of motivation. Mcgregors theory x and theory y introduction human beings have been studied systematically and objectively for many years to determine if they are resistant to work or selfgoverning.